Chronic absenteeism is typically not just a measure of students skipping school. Any number of reasons could cause a student to be chronically absent including housing insecurity, unreliable transportation, and lack of access to health care. Data analysis from the National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP) shows that chronic absence is associated with lower academic performance, even after controlling for ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status. The correlation was especially strong for Latina/o children, who scored significantly lower on reading proficiency tests. Based on the impact of attendance on educational outcomes , the federal Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) requires every state to share data on chronic absentees.